What’s a word for “took off”?

* left

* retreated

* returned

The other answers saying there are grammatical errors in your sentence and saying it's a run-on sentence are wrong. There are no grammatical errors in it. It's not a run-on sentence. It would be if you hadn't used the coordinating conjunction "and," but since you did, it's not. Your sentence is perfectly grammatical.                                   

He "left"......................

she took off her top, i evacuated my bowels.

i retreated to the bathroom to cry.

when i returned, she had gone for a run.

my trousers didn't survive.

That is one correct use of "took off"

The sentence has too many phrases. It's understood, but too colloquial. "anything" is too vague.

There are several ways to say or write the same thought.

Here are a few:

“When he brought the pen back, he didn’t apologize or comment. He just handed it to me, and he took off as quickly as possible back inside the dealership.”

or you can rephrase it as:

“When he brought the pen back, he didn’t apologize or comment. He just handed it to me and quickly returned to the dealership.”

or this way:

“When he brought the pen back, he neither apologized nor commented. He just returned it to me and dashed right back into the dealership.”

or

“When he brought my pen back, he didn't say a word. He just returned it and dashed back to the dealership.”

The sentence already has so many grammatical errors that you might as well just go with whatever sounds natural to you. 

The use of the phrase is correct, but it's a run-on sentence.

You could use retreat.