What's the difference between a sculpture and a statue?

A Statue is a three dimensional representation of a human, animal or in some cases an imaginary figure such a deity or mythological creature. It is usually a life-like representation but can be much larger than real life. Depending on the amount of "creative license" used by the artist, a statue can also be considered a sculpture.

A Sculpture is a 3 dimensional creative object which can be made of almost any material and does not have to be life-like as a statue must be. A sculpture is a work of art, and it is produced by carving stone or wood or any other material for that matter. It is a piece of art executed with creativity and is not limited in subject matter - it can be anything.

A statue is usually a person or other animal that's often larger than life and is usually set on a base of some kind. A statuette is a small statue. 

A sculpture is any item that's been shaped, and made from any material, using hands or other tools.  It can be animal/human or not.  Some small sculptures of humans/animals are also called "figures."

You can tell what a statue is, it's a human or animal.

Sculpture is anything, including statues, it can be abstract or figurative.

A statue is a large sculpture typically of a human being.  One is a subset of the other.

Nothing. Except maybe the construction method. A statue can be cast but a sculpture is hewn.

A statue usually means its a copy of a person, and sculpture takes on unique shapes and is artistic.